VaR

Value at Risk

Risk Management

Turkish: Riske Maruz Değer

Abbreviation: VaR

Short definition

Value at risk is a loss threshold at a chosen horizon and confidence: “worse losses are rare under the assumed distribution.” It is a limit tool; it does not size the tail disaster.

Detailed explanation

It is computed parametrically, historically or by Monte Carlo. The assumptions are the distribution, correlations and window. In a crisis volatility jumps and correlations go to one; yesterday’s VaR describes yesterday’s market.

A one-day VaR can be shorter than the firm’s true unwind horizon. Expected shortfall adds the tail mean; VaR alone is not enough.

Why it matters for the CFO

Treasury limits are often set in VaR; if management hears “maximum loss”, the day outside the model is a surprise.

How it is calculated

VaR_α ≈ kayıp dağılımının α kuyruk eşiği (ör. %95, 1 gün)

The threshold is a quantile of the loss distribution. The distribution and horizon belong to the model; there is no universal formula.

Variables in the formula

  • α: confidence level (e.g. 95% / 99%)

How to read it

A 95% one-day VaR of 2 mn TL says that on about one day in twenty the loss can exceed 2 mn; it does not say whether the exceedance is 3 or 30.

Related calculators

Güven Sayılgan’s writing on this topic

Read these first

What to learn next

  1. Stress Testing
  2. Market Risk
  3. FX Risk
  4. Open Position

Definitions are educational. They are not investment, credit or tax advice.