Mid-Year Convention

Valuation

Turkish: Yıl Ortası Varsayımı

Short definition

The mid-year convention pulls the discount exponent half a year forward by treating annual cash as arriving at mid-year, not year-end. If cash accrues evenly, year-end discounting understates value.

Detailed explanation

Seasonal cash (agriculture, tourism, retail) can put mid-year in the wrong place; a quarterly model is more honest. Terminal value must follow the same timing rule; year-end TV with mid-year explicit years is a level shift.

At a high r the PV effect of half a year grows. In Turkey a high WACC makes this choice more than cosmetic.

Why it matters for the CFO

On the same FCFF and WACC, year-end versus mid-year moves EV by several points. In a listing report the method sentence is as argued as the multiple.

How it is calculated

PV = Σ CF_t / (1 + r)^(t − 0,5) (yıl sonu yerine yıl ortası)

Variables in the formula

  • t: Year index (1, 2, …)
  • r: Discount rate (WACC or Ke)

How to read it

Year-1 cash, r 20%: year-end factor 1/1.20; mid-year 1/1.20^0.5. The gap is the PV of assuming earlier cash — optimism if cash is not actually early.

Numerical example

Year-1 FCFF 120 mn TL, WACC 20%: year-end PV = 120/1.20 = 100 mn TL; mid-year PV = 120/1.20^0.5 ≈ 109.5 mn TL.

Related calculators

Güven Sayılgan’s writing on this topic

Read these first

What to learn next

  1. Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)
  2. Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)
  3. Net Present Value (NPV)
  4. Terminal Value (TV)
  5. Free Cash Flow to Firm (FCFF)

Definitions are educational. They are not investment, credit or tax advice.