Earn-out

M&A

Turkish: Kazanca Bağlı Ek Bedel

Short definition

An earn-out defers part of the price to a post-close target (EBITDA, sales, cash). It spreads disagreement over time and creates an accounting-definition and control fight.

Detailed explanation

If metric, GAAP policy, one-offs and the buyer’s operating freedom are not locked, the earn-out becomes a dispute. The buyer can starve investment to miss the target; the seller can inflate with aggressive accruals.

In valuation the earn-out is a contingent liability. The cash outflow is a maturity wall separate from the close cheque.

Why it matters for the CFO

Parking a price gap in “we will settle later” poisons integration. If the metric is EBITDA, a non-cash add-back war starts.

How to read it

Earn-out PV is probability × cash × discount. If the accounting definition is vague, PV is too optimistic.

Related calculators

Güven Sayılgan’s writing on this topic

Read these first

What to learn next

  1. Earn-out Risk
  2. Purchase Price
  3. Share Purchase Agreement (SPA)
  4. Financial Due Diligence (FDD)
  5. Synergy

Definitions are educational. They are not investment, credit or tax advice.